FAQ

A: The capacity of the VRLA battery means that when the battery is full charged and discharge at some condition to the stated end voltage, the capacity is released out, the unit is Ah. For example, when the battery discharges at 1A current for 1 hour, that's the 1Ah capacity. If the battery discharges at 4A current for 3 hours to the end voltage, the released capacity is 12Ah.

A：EPV is the battery end load voltage in the condition of discharge. Many kinds of standards rule EPV definitely in different discharge rates and temperatures. EPV is different according to different discharge rates: it is low when discharge in high current, contrarily, it is high when discharge in low current.

A: The self-discharge, also known as charge retention capacity, that means when it is in open circuit state, the maintain ability of battery's storage electricity under certain environmental conditions. During storage time, the rate of capacity loss is called self-discharge rate. It is mainly affected by the manufacture technology, materials, storage conditions and other factors, which is an important parameter to measure the battery's performance.

A：Discharge hour rate is mean the discharge capacity will decrease according to increase of discharge current under condition that the active substance quantity keep unchanged. So, the discharge rate should be specified when scale the discharge capacity. Discharge rate include hour rate and current rate. Hour rate (time rate) is the needful time when finished discharge the capacity under a definite current, different VRLA battery have different discharge rate standard; Current rate is also named as double rate, it is meaning that discharge current is the double rate of rating capacity.

A: The storage capability is an important parameter for checking the stability of general capability. After a certain period, storage, the variety of capacity and inner resistance is allowed. And the storage can level off the electrochemistry performance of inner component, so that we can know the extent of self-discharge capability, then pick out the batteries with short circuit (caused by fast dropping of OCV) and micro short circuit, so the battery quality can be ensured.

A: After using for a few months, the battery can’t be charged, because the occur of Lead sulfate (PbSO4), sulfation as it is commonly called. Generally speaking, sulfation is the prime cause of battery failure and loss of capacity especially sulfation is a natural occurrence in all lead/acid batteries including sealed, gel-cell, and recumbent batteries. It the prime cause of early battery failure and is when the sulfur in the sulfuric acid forms sulfur crystals attach to the lead plates and then act as an "insulation" keeping the battery from accepting a charge. Typical chargers and even "smart or automatic chargers" can not overcome this phenomena and thus the battery is discarded as "not being able to hold a charge". Sulfation occurs far more readily in hot climates where batteries aren't frequently used or kept up to voltage. Sulfation can occur in brand new batteries in as short of time period of a few weeks or a few months.

1. Using an extended charge, known as an equalization charge to slow-down the rate of sulfation
2. Avoid low cutoff voltage discharges
3. Recharge immediately after discharge
4. Completely charged before using
5. Please shelve the battery after it’s fully charged

Technology progresses in the mid-1970s when researchers developed a maintenance-free lead acid battery that was able to operate in any position. The liquid electrolyte was transformed into moistened separator and the enclosure was sealed. In addition, safety valves were added to allow venting of gas during charge and discharge. Nowadays, life without lead acid batteries seems implausible. They have myriad uses and are one of the most useful batteries with the longest life cycle, the greatest energy density per pound, and the most mature recycling infrastructure of similarly priced batteries. The lead acid battery have been used over more than 140 years, lead acid batteries are reliable, mature secondary batteries, globally manufactured and therefore a widely understood technology. When used correctly, they are very durable and dependable. Their self-discharge rate is among the lowest of rechargeable battery systems. Capable of high discharge rates, the lead acid battery is able to deliver the bursts of energy that are required to start an engine. Lead acid batteries are environmentally sound in that they are recycled at an incredibly high rate. Today, 98% of lead acid batteries are recycled. With low maintenance requirements, the lead acid battery includes no memory and no electrolyte to fill on the sealed version. In terms of these advantages of the lead acid battery, they are widely used by many different industries, such as, telecommunication, power systems, radio, and television systems, solar, UPS, electric vehicles, automobile, forklifts, emergency lights, etc.

OVERCHARGING is the most destructive element in battery service. Usually the boater is not aware that this is occurring as he believes his alternator or battery charger is "automatic." Unfortunately, these automatic circuits are sensitive to voltage surges, heat, direct lightening strikes and indirect lightening electromagnetic influences and could fail or shift their calibration. When they fail, overcharging begins to affect the batteries. During overcharging, excessive current causes the oxides on the plates of the battery to "shed" and precipitate to the bottom of the cell and also heat the battery, thus removing water from the electrolyte. Once removed, this material (which represents capacity) is no longer active in the battery. In addition, the loss of water from the electrolyte may expose portions of the plates and cause the exposed areas to oxidize and become inactive, thus reducing additional capacity. Sealed batteries are not immune from the same internal results when overcharged. In fact, sealed recombination absorption and gel batteries are particularly sensitive to overcharging. Once moisture is removed from the battery, it cannot be replaced. Portions of the battery damaged due to overcharging are irretrievable. However, if detected early, corrective adjustments to the charging device will save the undamaged portion of the battery. Initial signs of overcharging are excessive usage of water in the battery, continuously warm batteries, or higher than normal battery voltages while under the influence of the charger. If overcharging is suspected, correct immediately.

OVER-DISCHARGING is a problem which originates from insufficient battery capacity causing the batteries to be overworked. Discharges deeper than 50% (in reality well below 12.0 Volts or 1.200 Specific Gravity) significantly shorten the Cycle Life of a battery without increasing the usable depth of cycle. Infrequent or inadequate complete recharging can also cause over-discharging symptoms called SULFATION. Despite that charging equipment is regulating back properly, over-discharging symptoms are displayed as loss of battery capacity and lower than normal specific gravity. Sulfation occurs when sulfur from the electrolyte combines with the lead on the plates and forms lead-sulfate. Once this condition becomes chronic, marine battery chargers will not remove the hardened sulfate. Sulfation can usually be removed by a proper desulfation or equalization charge with external manual battery chargers. To accomplish this task, the flooded plate batteries must be charged at 6 to 10 amps. at 2.4 to 2.5 volts per cell until all cells are gassing freely and their specific gravity returns to their full charge concentration. Sealed AGM batteries should be brought to 2.35 volts per cell and then discharged to 1.75 volts per cell. This process must be repeated until the capacity returns to the battery. Gel batteries may not recover. In most cases, the battery may be returned to complete its service life. CHARGING Alternators and float battery chargers including regulated photo voltaic chargers have automatic controls which taper the charge rate as the batteries come up in charge. It should be noted that a decrease to a few amperes while charging does not mean that the batteries have been fully charged. Battery chargers are of three types. There is the manual type, the trickle type, and the automatic switcher type.

1、Batteries should be put in a dry and bentilated place (at no time should it work in a sealed container), keep away from direct sunlight and any kind of heating. 2、Use insulated tools when installing the battery so as to avoid shock accidents. 3、Fasten all bolts tightly when installing connecting wire to illiminate occureance of sparks. 4、Keep a minimum distance of 2CM between batteries,otherwise the wires may be overheated by any chance. 5、It is recommended that battery be connected in series with the same type that has equivalent amount of capacity. 6、Only batteries or battery band that have the same norminal voltage and capacity can be connected in parallel (Parallel is not favorably advised).